DeepSeek-R1 is our advanced first-generation reasoning model designed to enhance performance in reasoning tasks. Building on the foundation laid by its predecessor, DeepSeek-R1-Zero, which was trained using large-scale reinforcement learning (RL) without supervised fine-tuning, DeepSeek-R1 addresses the challenges faced by R1-Zero, such as endless repetition, poor readability, and language mixing. By incorporating cold-start data prior to the RL phase,DeepSeek-R1 significantly improves reasoning capabilities and achieves performance levels comparable to OpenAI-o1 across a variety of domains, including mathematics, coding, and complex reasoning tasks.